A preliminary study on the classification of steppe vegetation using BraunーBlanquet\u27s method (Report of the field study under the Monbusho International Scientific Research Program)

A vegelation survey by Braun-Blanquet\u27s method was conducted in a typical steppe arca in Inner Mongolia in order to classify the grassland vegetation according to its species composition. Using 52 releves collected from several types of vegetation, four associations containing two subassociations were recognized by characteristic species. They make up two orders, two alliances and one class hierarchically: A. Aneurolepidctea chinensis a. Bromo-Agripyretalia desertorum 1. Bromo-Agripyrion desertorum 1) Bromo-Agropyretum desertorum B. Koelerio-Potentilletalia tanacetifoliae 2. Koelerio-Potentillion tanacetifoliae 2) Carici-stipetum baicalensis 3) Artemisio-Stipetum grandis i, Anemarrhenetosum asphodeoides ii, Typical subassociation 4) Festuco-Stipetum krylovii These units of vegetation distionuished by species composision can indicate the type and the magnitude of human impact such as mowing and grazing

The Role of Leaders in a Design and Construct Unit for Learners: Focusing on the Study of Literary Texts

本稿では，構成主義理論に基づいて行われている文学的文章の授業に対し，指導者の役割を6点提示している。その6点とは，第1に，読者モデルを構築すること，第2に，意図的指名をすること，第3に，テクストの記述について，他の学習者が共有することができるように日常生活を例に説明するよう促すこと，第4に，「読みの構え」づくりを行うこと，第5に，人物像を理解する力（言動に対し意味づけを行う力）を高めること，第6に，第1～第5の役割を基に，指導者が意図する学習者を対象にした単元を構成することである。 これら6点を強調することで，指導者は意図的，計画的に教育活動を行うことができることを明らかにしている。The aim of this paper is to present six roles of leaders in a class study of literary texts based on constructivism. The six roles emerge sequentially: the first builds a reader model, the second intentionally calls on learners, the third urges learners to explain with specific examples so that other learners can share the text description, the fourth is to take a stance on an aspect of the literary text, the fifth is to strengthen the ability to find meaning in the text, and the sixth is to design and construct a unit focusing on the intended learners. By emphasizing these six roles, the leader can carry out all educational activities intentionally and systematically

Behavior of immunocompetent cells in the spleen and lymphnodes at lung transplantation - Especially alteration of Ia positive cell population among mononuclear cells -

The Ia-positive ratio of the immunocompetent cells in the spleen and the mesenterial lymphnodes was measured after lung transplantation on dogs treated with cyclosporin A as the immunosuppressive drug and treated without CsA. And Ia positive ratio of those cells in the peripheral blood was also measured after lung transpl-antation with and without splenectomy. At rejection, the Ia-positive ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes in the spleen was increased significantly regardless the use of CsA. And when the rejection was inhibited by CsA, Ia-positive ratio of those cells was decreased significantly. However, when the rejection was inhibited or not, the la-positive ratio of monocytes in the peripheral blood has not indicated a significant difference. Splenectomy after lung transplantation did not influenced the Ia-positive ratio of the peripheral blood immunocompetent cells

主体性を確立する読みを目指した説明的文章の授業の研究

内容の要約広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(教育学)Doctor of Philosophy in Educationdoctora

Formation processes of magnetic spherules collected from deep-sea sediments -Observations and numerical simulations of the orbital evolution-

Spherules collected from deep-sea sediments were analyzed for major chemical compositions and examined for textural relationships. Two main types of internal texture are observed in Ni-bearing I-type spherules : spherules with Ni-free Fe-oxide mantle and Fe-Ni metallic cores and Fe-Ni oxide spherules without metallic cores. Cores are often observed off-centered. S-type spherules show porphyritic, barred, and fine-grained types of texture. Relict olivine grains are found in some porphyritic S-type spherules. A cooling rate of 55℃/s was calculated for one of these grains based on chemical zonal patterns. For I-type spherules, numerical simulations were performed to constrain the relationship between temperatures, radii of spherules, and the apparent gravitational acceleration with the spherule as a stationary frame of reference. Results indicate that a) spherules lose most of their original mass by evaporation over 1900℃, and, b) the apparent gravitational acceleration is at a maximum during the last stage of evaporation. Based on the observations and numerical simulations of I-type spherules, we propose the following model for their formation : during ablation, the metallic core is off-centered, a surface of the core is then exposed to the air due to the strong apparent gravitational acceleration and, finally, oxidation reactions can proceed on the exposed core surface